The Tomb of Dracula is a
horror comic book series published by
Marvel Comics from April 1972 to August 1979.
The 70-issue series featured a group of
vampire hunters who fought
Count Dracula and other
supernatural menaces.
On rare occasions, Dracula would work with these
vampire hunters against a common threat or battle other supernatural threats on his own, but more often than not, he was the
antagonist rather than
protagonist.
In addition to his supernatural battles in this series, Marvel's Dracula often served as a
supervillain to other characters in the
Marvel Universe, battling the likes of
Blade,
Spider-Man,
Werewolf by Night, the
X-Men, and the licensed
Robert E. Howard character
Solomon Kane.
The series suffered from lack of direction for its first year; most significantly, each of the first three issues was plotted by a different writer. Though
Gerry Conway is credited as sole writer of issue #1, the plot was actually written by
Roy Thomas and editor
Stan Lee, and Conway had no input into the issue until it had already been fully drawn.
Conway was allowed to plot issue #2 by himself, and wrote a story heavily influenced by the British
Hammer Films - a striking departure from the first issue, which was derivative of
Universal's monster movies.
Conway then quit the book due to an overabundance of writing assignments,
]and was replaced by
Archie Goodwin with issue #3. Goodwin quit after only two issues, but also made major changes to the series's direction, including the introduction of cast members Rachel Van Helsing and Taj Nital.
New writer
Gardner Fox took the series in yet another direction, and introduced a romance between Frank Drake and Rachel Van Helsing, which would remain a subplot for the rest of the series. However, Thomas (who had by this time succeeded Lee as the editor of
The Tomb of Dracula) felt that Fox's take did not work, and took him off the book after only two issues.
The title gained stability and hit its stride when
Marv Wolfman became scripter with the seventh issue, though Wolfman himself has contended that he was floundering on the series until the story arc in issues #12-14, remarking "This storyline is when I finally figured out what this book was about." The entire run of
The Tomb of Dracula was
penciled by
Gene Colan, with
Tom Palmer inking all but #1, 2, and 8-11.
Gil Kane drew many of the covers for the first few years, as he did for many other Marvel titles.
Colan based the visual appearance of Marvel's Dracula not on
Bela Lugosi,
Christopher Lee, or any other actor who had played the vampire on film, but rather on actor
Jack Palance.
Palance would play Dracula in
a television production of Stoker's novel the year after
The Tomb of Dracula debuted.
Colan, already one of Marvel's most well-established and prominent artists, said he had lobbied for the assignment.
When I heard Marvel was putting out a Dracula book, I confronted [editor]
Stan [Lee] about it and asked him to let me do it. He didn't give me too much trouble but, as it turned out, he took that promise away, saying he had promised it to
Bill Everett. Well, right then and there I auditioned for it. Stan didn't know what I was up to, but I spent a day at home and worked up a sample, using Jack Palance as my inspiration and sent it to Stan. I got a call that very day: "It's yours."
Wolfman and Colan developed a bond while working on the series, on which they collaborated closely. Colan recalled "He'd give me a written plot, but he'd also discuss it with me over the phone. I tended to ask questions, rather than to have him assume I got the idea."
Dracula encountered the
Werewolf by Night in a crossover story beginning in
The Tomb of Dracula #18 (March 1974) and continuing the same month in
Werewolf by Night #15 with both chapters written by Wolfman.
A brief meeting between Dracula and
Spider-Man occurred in the first issue of
Giant-Size Spider-Man.
The Tomb of Dracula #44 featured a crossover story with
Doctor Strange #14, another series which was being drawn by Colan at the time.
The Tomb of Dracula ran for 70 issues, until August 1979. Comics historian
Les Daniels noted that "With an unbroken run of seventy issues over the course of more than seven years, Marvel's
The Tomb of Dracula was the most successful comic book series to feature a villain as its title character."
As cancellation loomed, Wolfman made to wrap up the storyline and lingering threads by issue #72. But
Jim Shooter, then the editor-in-chief, retroactively cut two issues after the artwork had been completed for three. As Wolfman recalled,
I think I realized we were doing a finite story and to continue that storyline would have pushed it into repetition. ... I wrote the final three issues and they were drawn.
In 1980, an
anime television movie based on
The Tomb of Dracula was released. It was titled
Dracula: Sovereign Of The Damned[27] (闇の帝王 吸血鬼ドラキュラ
Yami no Teiō: Kyūketsuki Dorakyura?, lit.
Emperor of Darkness: Vampire Dracula). Much of the main plot was condensed and many characters and subplots were truncated or omitted. The film was animated in Japan by
Toei and sparsely released on cable TV in North America in 1983 by
Harmony Gold dubbed into English under the title
Dracula: Sovereign of the Damned.